chapters 10-14
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| CATTELL | 16 source traits,represent dimension of personality,developed 16pf (questionnaire provides score for each personality trait)ALL SAME TRAITS,how they r expressed | |
| EYSENICK | factor analysis,predicts behavior,personality described by three dimensions | |
| THREE DIMENSIONS: Extraversion(OPPOSITE INTROVERSION) | outgoing, degree of sociability, | |
| NEUROTIC | worry,insecure,dimension encompasses emotional stability, | |
| Psychotism | reality is distorted,not sensetive,wether or not we lack feeing | |
| ALLPORT | people each have unique combination of traits(different) | |
| (ALLPORT)CARDINAL | dominant trait (effects think,act feel) | |
| CENTRAL | main attributes(who we are) 6-10 traits | |
| SECONDARY | interests,hobbies, what i like,(not define who we are) | |
| O | open to new experience(outgoing) | |
| C | conciousness, | |
| E | extroversion,positive emotion,organized,high motivation | |
| A | agreement,emotionally flexible,easygoing,loyal trusting | |
| N | neurotism,(negative emotion) moody,worry,insecure | |
| FREUD | UNDERLYING PERSONALITY | |
| REPRESSION | unpleasant,impulsesare pushed back into unconcious,EXAMPLE: unable to recall rape | |
| REGRESSION | people behave as if they were at an earlier stage of development EX(boss has tantrum when employee makes a mistake) | |
| DISPLACEMENT | expression of an unwanted feeling or thought is redirectedfrom a more threatning pperson to a waeker one EX:(brother yells at younger sister when gets bad grade from teacher) | |
| RATIONALIZATION | people provide self justifying explanations in place of the actual, but threatening,reason for behavorEX:(student goes to party before test says its not important) | |
| DENIAL | refuse toaccept or acknowledge an anxiety prod piece of info | |
| PROJECTION | attribute unwanted impulses and feelings to someone else EX:(man who is unfaithful guilt, suspects wife unfaithful) | |
| SUBLIMATION | divert unwanted impulsesinto sacially approved thoughts feelkings behavior(person with strong feeling of agression becomes soldier) | |
| REACTION FORMATION | unconcious impulses are expressed as their opposite in conciousness (mother unconciously resents her child, acts in an overly loving way toward child | |
| ONDOING | trying to undo situation make retribution | |
| ORAL | birth-12-18months,(interests in oral gratification from sucking eating mouthing biting | |
| ANAL | 12-18months to 2years(gratification from expelling and withholding feces: coming to terma with societys controls with toilet training | |
| PHALIC | 3-5-6years(interest in genitals, coming to terms with oedipal conflict lead to identity with same sex parents | |
| LATENCY | 5-6 yers to adolescents,sexual concerns largely unimportant | |
| GENITAL | Adolescence to AdUlthood, reamergence of sexual interests and establishment of mature sexual relationships | |
| SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY | emphasize the influence of a person cognitions,thoughts feelings emotions expectations values-as well as observation of others behavior in determining personality | |
| SELF EFFICENCY | belief in ones personal capabilities, underlies people fath in their ability to carry out a particular behavior or produce a desired outcome. | |
| BEHAVIORAL THEORY/LEARNING | disregards conscious and unconcious, focus on enviroment, stresses determinism, behavior is caused by factors outside ones control,personality remains flexible throughout life | |
| BIO/EVOLUTIONARY THEORY | innate,inherited,behavior caused outside ones control,stability of character throughout life | |
| HUMANISTIC | concious more than unconcious,interaction between both nature(hereditary)and nurture(enviroment) fredom of individuals to make own decisions,personality flexible resilent through life | |
| PROJECTIVE TEST | shown an ambiguous stimulus and asked to give or tell their story | |
| RORSCHAH TEST | showing series of symmetrical visual stimuli to people who then are asked wha figures represent | |
| TAT | series of pictures abou which a person is asked to write a story | |
| OBJECTIVE TEST | TRUE OR FALSE self report test identifies people with psychological difficulties and is employed to predict some everyday behavior | |
| BIOMEDICAL MODEL | physical aspect,phys body is affected by physical things(viruses,germs | |
| BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL | 3 part model,bio,psych,social,combined influence health | |
| STRESSORS | CATACLISIMIC,POSTRAUMATIC,PERSONAL,BACKGROUND | |
| CATACLISMIC | strong,comes suddenly,natural disaster,attacks | |
| POSTRAUMATIC(PSD) | VICTIMS OF MAJOR CATASTRIFY REXPERIENCED, ORIGINAL STRESS EVENT,VIVID DREAMS ANXIETY | |
| PERSONAL | effects individual(losing job) major life event,shock,sudden,dies off | |
| BACKGROUND | daily hasseles,misplacing, daily annoyances | |
| SEIYE | 3 step process what body goes through during stress | |
| A(ALARM) | increase heart rate,sweat,increase breathing,adrenaline increasing | |
| R(resistance) | alarm is ongoing,not wanting to turn off,coping to i,sympathetic is on | |
| E(EXHAUSTION) | no more to give, body shuts down,depleted vulnerable, o outside influence,can cause illness, sympathetic is off | |
| LEARNED HELPLESSNESS | people conclude that unpleasant or aversive stimuli cannot be controlled-a view of world that becomes so ingrained that they cease trying to remedy the aversive circumstances,even if they actually can exert some influence | |
| HARDINESS | a personality characteristic associated with a lower rate of stress-related illness,consisting of three components: commitment,challenge,control | |
| TYPE A(heart disease) | competitive,HOSTILE,easily annoyed cant relax | |
| TYPE B | relaxed with out guilt,calm easygoing | |
| TYPE C | third personality,pleasant at peace,keep anger inside doesnt know how to express nagaivity, lonley | |
| OPTIMISM | to achieve goals high sel esteem | |
| PHYSICIAN-patient communication | communication increases life well being | |
| PRIMARY APPRAISEL | how threatening is this event to my well being | |
| SECONDARY APPRAISEL | here is situation,what resources do i have to cope with this(do i have resources) | |
| PROBLEM FOCUSED | find a solution to problem,ease stress,modify problem,we feel about person,problem | |
| EMOTION FOCUSED | manage emotions,in face of stress,seeking to change way we feel about person,problem,(EX: looking at positive side of situations,accepting sympathy) |
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