The lemmas which typically generate 80% of an ancient Greek text
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ἀγαθός -ή -όν | good | |
ἄγαλμα -ατος, τό | glory, statue | |
ἄγαν | too much | |
ἀγανακτέω | be annoyed with | |
ἀγάπη -ης, ἡ | love, charity | |
ἀγγέλλω | announce | |
ἄγγελος -ου, ὁ | messenger, angel | |
ἀγνοέω | not know | |
ἀγορά, -ᾶς, ἡ | market place | |
ἀγορεύω | say, proclaim | |
ἄγω | lead, bring | |
ἀγών, -ῶνος, ὁ | contest | |
ἀγωνίζομαι | contend for a prize | |
ἀδελφή -ῆς, ἡ | sister | |
ἀδελφός -οῦ, ὁ | brother | |
ἀδικέω | do wrong | |
ἀδίκημα, -ατος, τό | a wrong, an injustice | |
ἄδικος -ον | unjust | |
ἀδύνατος -ον | impossible | |
ἀεί | always | |
ἀείδω (Attic ᾄδω) | sing | |
ἀέκων -ουσα -ον (Attic ἄκων) | unwilling | |
ἀθάνατος -ον | immortal | |
ἄθλιος -α -ον | wretched | |
ἆθλον -ου, τό | prize | |
ἀθροίζω | muster | |
ἀθρόος -α -ον | crowded | |
αἰδώς, αἰδοῦς, ἡ | shame | |
αἷμα -ατος, τό | blood | |
αἰνέω | praise | |
αἱρέω | take (mid: choose) | |
αἴρω | raise | |
αἰσθάνομαι | perceive | |
αἰσχρός -ή -όν | disgraceful | |
αἰσχύνω | dishonor | |
αἰτέω | ask | |
αἰτία -ας, ἡ | cause | |
αἰτιάομαι | accuse, blame | |
αἴτιος -α -ον | responsible, guilty | |
αἴχμάλωτος -ου, ὁ | prisoner of war | |
ἀκολουθέω | follow | |
ἀκούω | hear | |
ἀκριβής -ές | exact | |
ἄκρος -α -ον | top | |
ἄλγος -ους, τό | pain | |
ἀλήθεια -ας, ἡ | truth | |
ἀληθής -ές | true | |
ἁλίσκομαι | be taken | |
ἀλλά | but | |
ἀλλήλων | (oblique cases only) one another | |
ἄλλος -η -ον | other | |
ἀλλότριος -α -ον | someone elseʹs | |
ἄλλως | otherwise | |
ἅμα | at the same time | |
ἁμαρτάνω | make a mistake, miss the target | |
ἀμείβω | change | |
ἀμείνων -ον | better | |
ἀμελέω | not worry | |
ἀμύνω | ward off | |
ἀμφί | + gen, dat, acc about, around | |
ἀμφισβητέω | argue | |
ἀμφότερος -α -ον | both | |
ἄμφω, ἀμφοῖν | both | |
ἄν | generalizes dependent clauses with the subjunctive; makes independent clauses less real (contrary to fact) | |
ἀνά | + gen, dat, acc up, on | |
ἀνάγω | lead up | |
ἀναιρέω | raise | |
ἀναλαμβάνω | pick up | |
ἀναβαίνω | board, cross | |
ἀναγιγνώσκω | recognize | |
ἀνέχω | hold up | |
ἀνίστημι | stand up | |
ἀνατίθημι | put up, set on | |
ἀναχωρέω | go back | |
ἀναγκάζω | force, compel | |
ἀναγκαῖος -α -ον | necessary | |
ἀνάγκη -ης, ἡ | necessity | |
ἀνάθημα -ατος, τό | a curse | |
ἄναξ, -ακτος, ὁ | ruler, lord | |
ἀνδρεῖος -α -ον | manly, brave | |
ἄνεμος -ου, ὁ | wind | |
ἄνευ | + gen without | |
ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός, ὁ | man | |
ἄνθος -ους, τό | flower | |
ἄνθρωπος -ου, ὁ/ἡ | human being | |
ἀνοίγνυμι | open up | |
ἀντί | + gen opposite | |
ἄνω | up | |
ἄξιος -α -ον | worthy | |
ἀξιόω | consider worthy | |
ἀπαλλάσσω | release, escape | |
ἀπαντάω | + dat meet | |
ἅπαξ | once | |
ἅπας -ασα -αν | all together | |
ἄπειρος -α -ον | inexperienced, ignorant | |
ἀπό | + gen from | |
ἀπαγγέλλω | announce | |
ἀπάγω | carry off | |
ἀφαιρέω | take from | |
ἀποβαίνω | step from | |
ἀποδείκνυμι | point away | |
ἀποδίδωμι | give back | |
ἄπειμι | be away | |
ἀπέρχομαι | go away | |
ἀπέχω | keep away | |
ἀποθνῄσκω | die | |
ἀφίημι | let go | |
ἀφικνέομαι | come to | |
ἀφίστημι | remove, revolt | |
ἀποκρίνω | separate (mid: answer) | |
ἀποκτείνω | kill | |
ἀπολαμβάνω | take from | |
ἀπολείπω | leave behind | |
ἀπόλλυμι | kill (mid: die) | |
ἀπολογέομαι | defend oneself | |
ἀπολύω | set free from | |
ἀποπέμπω | send away | |
ἀποπλέω | sail away | |
ἀποστέλλω | send away | |
ἀποστερέω | deprive | |
ἀποφαίνω | display | |
ἀπορία -ας, ἡ | helplessness | |
ἅπτω | join (mid: touch) | |
ἄρα | so then | |
ἀργύριον -ου, τό | silver, a silver coin | |
ἀρέσκω | please | |
ἀρετή -ῆς, ἡ | excellence | |
ἀριθμός -οῦ, ὁ | number | |
ἄριστος -η -ον | best | |
ἀρκέω | ward off | |
ἅρμα -ατος, τό | chariot | |
αρμόζω (Attic ἁρμόττω) | join | (revised) |
ἀρόω | plow | |
ἁρπάζω | snatch | |
ἄρτι | just now | |
ἀρχαῖος -α -ον | ancient | |
ἀρχή -ῆς, ἡ | beginning, rule | |
ἄρχω | rule | |
ἄρχων -οντος, ὁ | ruler, archon | |
ἀσπίς, -ίδος, ἡ | a round shield | |
ἄστυ, ἄστεως, τό | town | |
ἀσφάλεια -ας, ἡ | security | |
ἀσφαλής -ές | safe | |
ἀτάρ | but | |
ἅτε | just as, because | |
ἄτη -ης, ἡ | blindness, destruction | |
αὖ, αὖθις | again | |
αὐξάνω | increase | |
αὖτε | again | |
αὐτίκα | immediately | |
αὐτόθι | on the spot | |
αὐτός -ή --ό | self , same, s/he/it | |
ἄφνω | suddenly | |
βαίνω | walk | |
βάλλω | throw | |
βάρβαρος -α -ον | foreign, barbarous | |
βαρύς -εῖα -ύ | heavy | |
βασιλεία -ας ἡ | kingdom | |
βασίλειος -α -ον | kingly, royal | |
βασίλεια, τὰ | palace | |
βασιλεύς, βασίλεως, ὁ | king | |
βασιλεύω | be king, rule, reign | |
βασιλικός -ή --όν | royal, kingly | |
βέβαιος -α -ον | firm | |
βέλος -ους, τό | missile, weapon | |
βέλτιστος -η -ον | best | |
βελτίων -ον | better | |
βία -ας, ἡ | force | |
βιάζω, βιάω | force, compel | |
βίβλος -ου, ὁ | book | |
βίος -ου, ὁ | life | |
βιόω | live | |
βλάπτω | hurt | |
βλέπω | see | |
βοήθεια -ας, ἡ | help | |
βοηθέω | help | |
βουλεύω | deliberate | |
βουλή -ῆς, ἡ | plan, council | |
βούλομαι | want, wish | |
βοῦς, βοός, ὁ/ἡ | ox | |
βραχύς -εῖα -ύ | short | |
βροτός -οῦ, ὁ | mortal | |
βωμός -οῦ, ὁ | altar | |
γαῖα -ας, ἡ | earth | |
γαμέω | marry | |
γάμος -ου, ὁ | wedding, marriage | |
γάρ | for, because | |
γε | for sure | |
γελάω | laugh | |
γεννάω | beget | |
γένος -ους, τό | race, family | |
γέρας -ως, τό | prize | |
γέρων -οντος, ὁ | old man | |
γῆ, γῆς, ἡ | earth | |
γῆρας -ως, τό | old age | |
γίγνομαι | become, be | |
γιγνώσκω | come to know, learn | |
γλυκύς -εῖα -ύν | sweet | |
γλῶσσα -ης, ἡ | tongue, language | |
γνώμη -ης, ἡ | thought, intelligence, opinion | |
γοῦν | so then, for sure | |
γράμμα -ατος, τό | letter | |
γράφω | write | |
γύμνος -η -ον | naked | |
γυνή, γυναικός, ἡ | woman | |
δαίμων -ονος, ὁ | spirit, god, demon | |
δακρύω | cry | |
δέ | and, but | |
δεῖ | it is necessary | |
δείδω | fear | |
δείκνυμι | show | |
δειλός -ή -όν | cowardly | |
δεινός -ή --όν | awesome | |
δεῖπνον -ου, τό | feast | |
δέκα, | ten | |
δένδρον -ου, τό | tree | |
δεξιός -ά -όν | right | |
δέος -ους, τό | fear | |
δεσπότης -ου, ὁ | master | |
δεῦρο (to) | here | |
δεύτερος -α -ον | second | |
δέχομαι | welcome | |
δέω (1) | bind | |
δέω (2) | need | |
δή | now | |
δῆλος -η -ον | clear | |
δηλόω | show | |
δῆμος -ου, ὁ | people | |
δήπου | perhaps, maybe | |
διά | + gen, acc through | |
διαιρέω | divide, cut apart | |
διαβαίνω | step across | |
διαβάλλω | throw across | |
διέρχομαι | go through | |
διάκειμαι | be arranged (pass. of | |
διαλέγω | discuss | |
διαλύω | dissolve | |
διάνοια -ας, ἡ | thought, intention | |
διοικέω | manage a house | |
διαπράσσω | pass over, accomplish | |
διατελέω | finish | |
διατίθημι | arrange | |
διατρίβω | consume, spend time | |
διαφέρω | carry on, make a difference | |
διαφεύγω | escape | |
διαφθείρω | destroy | |
διαθήκη -ης, ἡ | arrangement, last will and testament | |
δίαιτα -ης, ἡ | lifestyle | |
διακόσιοι -αι -α | two hundred | |
διδάσκω | teach | |
δίδωμι | give | |
δικάζω | judge | |
δίκαιος -α -ον | just | |
δικαιοσύνη -ης, ἡ | justice | |
δικαστήριον -ου, τό | court | |
δικαστής -οῦ, ὁ | judge, juror | |
δίκη -ης, ἡ | justice, lawsuit | |
διό, διόπερ | because of this | |
δῖος -α -ον | divine | |
διότι | since | |
διπλοῦς -ῆ -οῦν | double | |
δισχίλιοι -αι -α | two thousand | |
δίχα | apart | |
διώκω | pursue | |
δόγμα -ατος, τό | opinion, dogma | |
δοκεῖ | it seems | |
δοκέω | think | |
δόλος -ου, ὁ | trick | |
δόξα -ης, ἡ | glory, opinion | |
δόρυ, δόρατος, τό | spear | |
δοῦλος -ου, ὁ | slave | |
δράω | do | |
δύναμαι | be able, can | |
δύναμις -εως, ἡ | power | |
δυνατός -ή -όν | able | |
δύο, | two | |
δώδεκα | twelve | |
δῶμα -ατος, τό | house | |
δῶρον -ου, τό | gift | |
ἐάν = εἰ + ἄν | if | |
ἔαρ, ἔαρος, τό | spring | |
ἑαυτοῦ -ῆς -οῦ | him/her/itself | |
ἐάω | allow | |
ἐγγύς | near | |
ἐγείρω | wake up | |
ἐγώ, ἐμοῦ | I | |
ἐθέλω | wish | |
ἔθνος -ους, τό | nation | |
ἔθος, -ους, τό | custom, character | |
ἔθω | be accustomed | |
εἰ, εἴπερ | if | |
εἴδομαι, εἶδον | see (cf. ὁράω) | |
εἶδος -ους, τό | form | |
εἰκός, εἰκότος, τό | proper, probable | |
εἴκοσι | twenty | |
εἰκών -όνος, ἡ | image | |
εἰμί | be | |
εἶμι | go (cf. ἔρχομαι) | |
εἶπον | say (cf. λέγω, φημί) | |
εἴργω | confine | |
εἰρήνη -ης, ἡ | peace | |
εἰς | + acc into | |
εἰσάγω | lead | |
εἰσέρχομαι | go into, enter | |
εἰσφέρω | carry into, pay taxes | |
εἷς, μία, ἕν | one | |
εἶτα | then, next | |
εἴτε | either…or | |
ἐκ, ἐξ | + gen from, out of | |
ἐξάγω | lead out | |
ἐξαιρέω | take out | |
ἐξαπατάω | deceive | |
ἐκβάλλω | throw out | |
ἐκδίδωμι | surrender | |
ἐξελέγχω | refute | |
ἐξέρχομαι | go or come out | |
ἔξεστι | it is allowed, it is possible | |
ἐκλείπω | leave out | |
ἐκπέμπω | send out | |
ἐκπίπτω | fall out | |
ἐκτείνω | stretch out | |
ἐκφέρω | carry out | |
ἕκαστος -η -ον | each | |
ἑκάτερος -α -ον | each of two | |
ἑκατόν | hundred | |
ἐκεῖ | there | |
ἐκεῖθεν | from there | |
ἐκεῖνος -η -ον | that | |
ἐκκλησία -ας, ἡ | assembly | |
ἐκτός | outside | |
ἑκών -οῦσα -όν, | willing | |
ἐλάσσων -ον | smaller, less | |
ἐλαύνω | drive | |
ἔλεγος -ου, ὁ | a lament | |
ἐλέγχω | refute | |
ἐλευθερία -ας, ἡ | freedom | |
ἐλεύθερος -α -ον | free | |
ἐλευθερόω | set free | |
ἐλπίζω | hope for | |
ἐλπίς -ίδος, ἡ | hope | |
ἐμαυτοῦ | my own | |
ἐμός -ή -όν | my, mine | |
ἐν | + dat in | |
ἐμβάλλω | throw in | |
ἐνδίδωμι | give in | |
ἐνθυμέομαι | ponder | |
ἐγκαλέω | accuse | |
ἐμπίπτω | fall on | |
ἔμπροσθεν | in front | |
ἐντυγχάνω | meet with | |
ἐναντίος -α -ον | opposite | |
ἕνεκα | because of | |
ἔνθα | there | |
ἐνθάδε | from there | |
ἐνιαυτός -οῦ, ὁ | year | |
ἔνιοι -αι -α | some | |
ἐνίοτε | sometimes | |
ἐνταῦθα | here, there | |
ἐντεῦθεν | from here, from there | |
ἐντός | inside | |
ἕξ | six | |
ἐξετάζω | examine | |
ἐξαίφνης | suddenly | |
ἑξήκοντα | sixty | |
ἐξουσία -ας, ἡ | authority | |
ἔξω | outside | |
ἕοικα | be like | |
ἐπεί | after, since, when | |
ἐπείγω | press hard (mid: hurry) | |
ἐπειδάν | whenever | |
ἔπειτα | then, next | |
ἐπί | + gen at; + dat on; + acc on to, against | |
ἐπαγγέλλω | announce | |
ἐπάγω | bring on | |
ἐπαινέω | praise | |
ἐπανέρχομαι | go back, return | |
ἐπιβάλλω | throw on | |
ἐπιβουλεύω | plan against | |
ἐπιγίγνομαι | be born after, come after | |
ἐπιδείκνυμι | exhibit | |
ἐπέρχομαι | come to | |
ἐπέχω | hold on to | |
ἐπιθυμέω | desire | |
ἐφίστημι | set upon | |
ἐπιμέλεια -ας, ἡ | care, attention | |
ἐπιμελέομαι | take care of | |
ἐπιτίθημι | put on | |
ἐπιτρέπω | entrust | |
ἐπιφανής -ές | evident | |
ἐπιφέρω | put upon | |
ἐπιχειρέω | attempt | |
ἐπίσταμαι | know | |
ἐπιστήμη -ης, ἡ | knowledge | |
ἐπιστολή -ῆς, ἡ | message, letter | |
ἐπιτήδειος -α -ον | convenient | |
ἕπομαι | follow | |
ἔπος -ους, τό | word | |
ἐργάζομαι | work | |
ἔργον -ου, τό | work | |
ἐρῆμος -η -ον | deserted | |
ἔρις, -ιδος, ἡ | strife | |
ἔρομαι | ask | |
ἔρχομαι | come, go | |
ἐρῶ | will say | |
ἔρως -ωτος, ὁ | love | |
ἐρωτάω | ask | |
ἐσθής -ῆτος, ἡ | clothing | |
ἐσθίω | eat | |
ἑσπέρα -ας, ἡ | evening | |
ἔσχατος -η -ον | last | |
ἑταῖρος -ου, ὁ | companion | |
ἕτερος -α -ον | other | |
ἔτης -ου, ὁ | kin, cousin | |
ἔτι | still | |
ἕτοιμος or ἑτοῖμος -η -ον | ready | |
ἔτος -ους, τό | year | |
εὖ | well | |
εὐδαίμων -ον | happy, lucky, blessed | |
εὐθύς -εῖα -ύ | straight | |
εὔνοια -ας, ἡ | good-will | |
εὑρίσκω | find | |
εὐρύς -εῖα -ύ | broad | |
εὔχομαι | pray | |
ἐχθρός -ά -όν | hated | |
ἔχω | have, hold | |
ἕως | until | |
ζάω | live | |
Ζεύς, Διός, ὁ | Zeus | |
ζητέω | seek | |
ἤ | or, than | |
ἦ | [strengthening particle] or [introduces lively questions] or = ʺs/he said” from ἠμί or = 1st sg impf indic act of εἰμί | |
ᾖ | [3d sg pres subj act of εἰμί] | |
ἡ | [feminine article nom sg] | |
ἥ | [relative pronoun, fem nom sg, “who, which”] | |
ᾗ | [relative pronoun, fem dat sg] or [“where”] | |
ἡγεμών, -όνος, ὁ | leader | |
ἡγέομαι | lead, consider | |
ἥδη | already | |
ἥδομαι | rejoice | |
ἡδονή -ῆς, ἡ | pleasure | |
ἡδύς -εῖα, -ύ | sweet | |
ἥκιστος -η -ον | least | |
ἥκω | have come, be present | |
ἡλικία -ας, ἡ | time of life, age | |
ἥλιος -ου, ὁ | sun | |
ἧμαι | sit | |
ἡμέρα -ας, ἡ | day | |
ἡμέτερος -α -ον | our | |
ἠμί | say | |
ἥμισυς -εια -υ | half | |
ἤπειρος -ου, ἡ | the land | |
ἥρως, ἥρωος, ὁ | hero | |
ἡσυχία -ας, ἡ | quiet | |
ἡσσάομαι | be inferior, be defeated | |
ἥσσων -ον | less, weaker | |
θάλασσα -ης, ἡ | the sea | |
θάνατος -ου, ὁ | death | |
θάπτω | bury | |
θαρσέω | be bold, courageous | |
θαυμάζω | be in awe | |
θαυμαστός -ή -όν | awesome | |
θεά -ᾶς, ἡ | goddess | |
θεάομαι | watch | |
θεῖος -α -ον | divine | |
θεός -οῦ, ὁ | god | |
θεραπεύω | serve | |
θέρμος -ου, ὁ | heat | |
θέω | run | |
θεωρέω | look at | |
θνήσκω | die | |
θρόνος -ου, ὁ | seat | |
θυγάτηρ, θυγατρός, ἡ | daughter | |
θυμός -οῦ, ὁ | soul, spirit | |
θύρα -ας, ἡ | door | |
θυσία -ας, ἡ | sacrifice | |
θύω | sacrifice | |
θώραξ -ακος, ὁ | breastplate | |
ἰατρός -οῦ, ὁ | doctor | |
ἴδιος -α -ον | oneʹs own | |
ἰδιώτης -ου, ὁ | a private person, an individual | |
ἰδοῦ | look! | |
ἱδρύω | make sit down, seat | |
ἱερεύς -έως, ὁ | priest | |
ἱερόν -οῦ, τό | temple | |
ἱερός -ᾶ -ον | holy | |
ἵημι | throw | |
ἱκανός -ή -όν | sufficient | |
ἱκνέομαι | come | |
ἵνα | there, so that | |
ἱππεύς -έως, ὁ | horseman | |
ἵππος -ου, ὁ | horse | |
ἴσος -η -ον | equal | |
ἵστημι | stand | |
ἱστορία -ας, ἡ | inquiry | |
ἰσχυρός -ά -όν | strong | |
ἰσχύς, ἰσχύος, ἡ | strength | |
καθά | just as | |
καθαρός -ά -όν | pure | |
καθό | in so far as | |
καί | and | |
καίπερ | although | |
καιρός -οῦ, ὁ | the right time | |
καίτοι | and indeed, and yet | |
κακός -ή -όν | bad | |
καλέω | call | |
κάλλος -ους, τό | beauty | |
καλός -ή -όν | beautiful | |
κάμνω | work | |
κἀν = καί | + ἐν | |
κἄν = καί | + εἰ + ἄν | |
καρδία -ας, ἡ | heart | |
καρπός -οῦ, ὁ | fruit | |
κατά | + gen. or acc. down | |
καταβαίνω | step down | |
καταγιγνώσκω | have prejudice, charge | |
κατάγω | lead down | |
κάθημαι | sit | |
καθίστημι | set down | |
καταλαμβάνω | take hold of | |
καταλείπω | leave behind | |
καταλύω | put down | |
καταπλήσσω | strike down | |
κατασκευάζω | equip | |
καταστρέφω | subdue | |
καταφεύγω | flee for refuge | |
καταφρονέω | despise (+ gen.) | |
κατέχω | restrain | |
κατηγορέω | accuse | |
κατοικέω | dwell, settle | |
κεῖμαι | lie down | |
κελεύω | order | |
κενός -ή -όν | empty | |
κέρας -ατος, τό | horn | |
κεφαλή -ῆς, ἡ | head | |
κῆρυξ -υκος, ὁ | messenger | |
κινδυνεύω | risk | |
κίνδυνος -ου, ὁ | danger | |
κινέω | move | |
κλέος -ους, τό | glory | |
κλέπτω | steal | |
κλίνω | bend | |
κοινός -ή -όν | common | |
κολάζω | punish | |
κόλπος -ου, ὁ | womb, bay | |
κομίζω | bring | |
κόπτω | cut | |
κόρη -ης, ἡ | girl | |
κοσμέω | arrange | |
κόσμος -ου, ὁ | order | |
κρατέω | rule (+ gen.) | |
κράτιστος -η -ον | strongest | |
κράτος -ους, τό | strength | |
κρείσσων -ον | stronger | |
κρίνω | judge, decide | |
κρίσις -εως, ἡ | judgment, decision | |
κριτής -ου, ὁ | judge | |
κρύπτω | hide | |
κτάομαι | acquire | |
κτείνω | kill | |
κύκλος -ου, ὁ | circle | |
κυρέω | meet (+ gen.), happen | |
κύριος -ου, ὁ | lord, master | |
κύων, κυνός, ὁ or ἡ | dog | |
κωλύω | prevent | |
κώμη -ης, ἡ | village | |
λαγχάνω | obtain by a lottery | |
λαλέω | talk, babble | |
λαμβάνω | take | |
λαμπρός -ά -όν | bright | |
λανθάνω | do without being noticed | |
λέγω | say, speak | |
λείπω | leave | |
λευκός -ή -όν | white | |
λεώς, λεώ, ὁ | the people | |
λίθος -ου, ὁ | stone | |
λιμήν -ένος, ὁ | harbor | |
λίμνη -ης, ἡ | pool, swamp | |
λιμός -οῦ, ὁ or ἡ | hunger | |
λογίζομαι | calculate | |
λόγος -ου, ὁ | word | |
λοιπός -ή -όν | remaining | |
λόφος -ου, ὁ | crest (esp. of a helmet), mane, ridge | |
λυπέω | hurt | |
λύω | loosen, destroy | |
μακρός -ά -όν | long | |
μάλα | very, very much | |
μάλιστα | very, very much | |
μᾶλλον | more, rather | |
μανθάνω | learn | |
μανία -ας, ἡ | insanity | |
μάντις -εως, ὁ | prophet | |
μαρτυρέω | witness, give testimony | |
μαρτυρία -ας, ἡ | witness, testimony, evidence | |
μάρτυς, μάρτυρος, ὁ or ἡ | witness | |
μάχη -ης, ἡ | battle | |
μάχομαι | fight | |
μέγαρον -ου, τό | a large room | |
μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα | big | |
μέγεθος -ους, τό | magnitude | |
μέλας, μέλαινα, μέλαν | black | |
μέλει | it is a problem, or worry, for (+ dat.) | |
μέλλω | intend, going to | |
μέν | on the one hand, on the other hand | |
μέντοι | however, of course | |
μένω | stay | |
μέρος -ους, τό | part | |
μέσος -η -ον | middle | |
μετά | with (+ gen.) after (+ acc.) | |
μεταβάλλω | change | |
μεταπέμπω | summon | |
μετέχω | be involved (+ gen.) | |
μεταξύ | between | |
μέχρι | until | |
μή | not (οὐ with indicative verbs) | |
μηδέ | and not | |
μηδείς | no one | |
μήτε | and not | |
μῆκος -ους, τό | length | |
μήν | [emphasizes preceding particle] | |
μήτηρ, μητρός, ἡ | mother | |
μηχανή -ῆς, ἡ | device | |
μικρός -ά -όν | small | |
μιμνήσκω | remind, (in perfect middle) remember | |
μισέω | hate | |
μισθός -οῦ, ὁ | pay | |
μνᾶ μνᾶς, ἡ | mina, = 100 drachma = 1/60 talent | |
μνήμη -ης, ἡ | memory | |
μοῖρα -ας, ἡ | fate | |
μόνος -η -ον | alone, single | |
μῦθος -ου, ὁ | story | |
μυριάς -άδος, ἡ | 10,000, a countless amount | |
μυρίος -α -ον | countless | |
ναί | yes | |
ναυμαχία -ας, ἡ | sea battle | |
ναῦς, νεώς, ἡ | ship | |
ναυτικός -ή -όν | naval | |
νεανίας -ου, ὁ | young man | |
νεκρός -οῦ, ὁ | corpse | |
νέμω | distribute | |
νέος -α -ον | young | |
νεώς, νεώ, ὁ | temple | |
νῆσος -ου, ἡ | island | |
νικάω | conquer, win | |
νίκη -ης, ἡ | victory | |
νοέω | have in mind | |
νομίζω | consider | |
νόμιμος -η -ον | customary | |
νόμος -ου, ὁ | custom, law | |
νοῦς, νοῦ, ὁ | mind | |
νόσος -ου, ὁ | disease | |
νύμφη -ης, ἡ | bride | |
νῦν, νυνί | now | |
νύξ, νυκτός, ἡ | night | |
ξένος -ου, ὁ | foreigner, stranger | |
ξύλον -ου, τό | wood | |
ὁ, ἡ τό | the | |
ὅδε ἥδε τόδε | this | |
ὁδός -οῦ, ἡ | road | |
ὅθεν | from where | |
οἶδα | know | |
οἰκεῖος -α -ον | domestic | |
οἰκέτης -ου, ὁ | servant | |
οἰκέω | inhabit, occupy | |
οἰκία -ας, ἡ | house, household | |
οἰκοδομέω | build a house | |
οἶκος -ου, ὁ | house | |
οἶμαι, οἴομαι | think | |
οἷος -α -ον | such a kind | |
οἷος -α -ον τʹ εἰμί | be able | |
οἴχομαι | be gone | |
ὀκτώ | eight | |
ὀλίγος -η -ον | few | |
ὄλλυμι | destroy, lose | |
ὅλος -η -ον | whole | |
ὄμνυμι | swear | |
ὅμοιος -α -ον or ὁμοῖος -α -ον | like | |
ὁμοιόω | make like | |
ὁμολογέω | agree | |
ὁμόω | unite | |
ὅμως | nevertheless | |
ὄνομα -ατος, τό | name | |
ὀνομάζω | call by name | |
ὀξύς -εῖα -ύ | sharp | |
ὁπλίτης -ου, ὁ | heavily-armed soldier, hoplite | |
ὅπλον -ου, τό | weapon, tool | |
ὁποῖος -α -ον | of what sort | |
ὁπόσος -η -ον | as many as | |
ὁπότε | when | |
ὅπου | wherever | |
ὅπως | how, as, so that | |
ὁράω | see | |
ὀργή -ῆς, ἡ | anger | |
ὀργίζω | make angry | |
ὀρθός -η -ον | straight | |
ὀρθόω | set straight | |
ὅρκος -ου, ὁ | oath | |
ὁρμάω | rush | |
ὁρμή -ῆς, ἡ | attack | |
ὄρος, ὄρου, ὁ | mountain, hill | |
ὅρος, ὅρου, ὁ | boundary | |
ὅς ἥ ὄ | who, which, that | |
ὅσος -η -ον | however much | |
ὅσπερ, ἥπερ, ὅπερ | the very one who, the very thing which | |
ὅστε ἥτε ὅτε | who, which | |
ὅστις ὅτι | any one who, anything which | |
ὅταν = ὄτε + ἄν | whenever | |
ὅτε | when | |
ὅτι | because, that | |
οὐ, οὐκ, οὐχ | not (with indicative verbs) | |
οὐδέ | but not | |
οὐδείς, οὐδεμία, οὐδέν | no one, nothing | |
οὐκέτι | no longer | |
οὔτε | and not | |
οὔτις | no one, nobody | |
οὔπω | not yet | |
οὗ | where | |
οὐκοῦν | therefore | |
οὖν | therefore, so | |
οὐρανός -οῦ, ὁ | sky, heaven | |
οὐσία -ας, ἡ | substance, property | |
οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο | this | |
οὕτως | in this way | |
ὀφείλω | owe | |
ὀφθαλμός -οῦ, ὁ | eye | |
ὄφρα | so that, until | |
ὄχλος -ου, ὁ | crowd, mob | |
ὄψις, -εως, ἡ | sight, appearance | |
πάθος -ους, τό | suffering | |
παιδεύω | educate | |
παῖς, παιδός, ὁ, ἡ | child | |
παλαιός -ά -όν | old | |
πάλιν | back | |
παντάπασι | altogether | |
πάντῃ | entirely | |
πάνυ | altogether | |
παρά, παρʹ | from (+ gen.), beside (+ dat.), to (+acc.) | |
παραγγέλλω | transmit | |
παραγίγνομαι | be present | |
παραδίδωμι | hand over | |
παράδοξος -ον | contrary to expectation, paradoxical | |
πάρειμι | be present | |
πάρεστι | it is possible (+dat.) | |
παρέρχομαι | pass by | |
παρέχω | provide | |
παρίστημι | set or stand beside | |
παρακαλέω | call for | |
παραλαμβάνω | receive | |
παραπλήσιος -α -ον | resembling | |
παρασκευάζω | prepare | |
παρασκευή -ῆς, ἡ | preparation | |
παραχρῆμα | immediately | |
παρθένος -ου, ἡ | girl | |
πᾶς πᾶσα πᾶν | all | |
πάσσω | sprinkle | |
πάσχω | suffer, experience | |
πατήρ, πατρός, ὁ | father | |
πάτριος -α -ον | of or belonging to oneʹs father | |
πατρίς, -ίδος, ἡ | fatherland | |
παύω | stop | |
πεδίον -ου, τό | plain | |
πεζός -ή -όν | on foot | |
πείθω | persuade | |
πειράζω | test | |
πειράω | try | |
πέλας | near | |
πέμπω | send | |
πεντακόσιοι -αι -α | five hundred | |
πέντε | five | |
πεντήκοντα | fifty | |
πέρ | [emphasizes preceding word] | |
περάω | pass through | |
πέρθω | destroy | |
περί | around, about (+ gen., dat., acc.) | |
περίειμι | be around | |
περιίστημι | place round | |
πέτρα -ας, ἡ | rock | |
πηρός -ά -όν | disabled | |
πίμπλημι | fill | |
πίνω | drink | |
πίπτω | fall | |
πιστεύω | trust | |
πίστις, -εως, ἡ | trust | |
πιστός -ή -όν | faithful | |
πλεῖστος -η -ον | most | |
πλείων, πλέων | more | |
πλέω | sail | |
πλέως, πλέα, πλέων | full of | |
πλῆθος -ους, τό | crowd | |
πλήν | except (+ gen.) | |
πληρόω | fill | |
πλησίος -α -ον | near | |
πλήσσω | strike | |
πλοῖον -ου, τό | ship | |
πλούσιος -α -ον | rich | |
πλοῦτος -ου, ὁ | wealth | |
πνεῦμα -ατος, τό | wind, breath | |
ποιέω | make | |
ποιητής -οῦ, ὁ | creator, poet | |
ποῖος -α -ον | what sort of? | |
πολεμέω | make war | |
πολέμιος -α -ον | hostile (m.pl.: the enemy) | |
πόλεμος -ου, ὁ | war | |
πολιορκέω | besiege | |
πολιορκία -ας, ἡ | siege | |
πόλις, -εως, ἡ | a city | |
πολιτεία -ας, ἡ | constitution, citizenship, republic | |
πολιτεύω | participate in government or politics | |
πολίτης -ου, ὁ | citizen | |
πολιτικός -ή -όν | political | |
πολλάκις | often | |
πολύς πολλή πολύ | many | |
πονηρός -α -ον | evil, painful | |
πόνος -ου, ὁ | work | |
πορεία -ας, ἡ | journey | |
πορεύω | carry, march | |
πορθέω | destroy | |
πόρρω | far | |
ποταμός -οῦ, ὁ | river | |
ποτέ | ever | |
πότερος -α -ον | which of the two? | |
ποτός -η -ον | drinkable | |
πού | somewhere | |
πούς ποδός, ὁ | foot | |
πρᾶγμα -ατος, τό | thing | |
πρᾶξις, -εως, ἡ | action | |
πράσσω | do | |
πρεσβευτής -οῦ, ὁ | old man, ambassador (rare in pl.) | |
πρεσβεύω | be the elder or ambassador | |
πρέσβυς, πρέσβεως, ὁ | ambassador (esp. in pl.), old man | |
πρίν | before | |
πρό | + gen. before | |
προάγω | lead on | |
προαίρεσις, -εως, ἡ | choice, purpose | |
προαιρέω | prefer, choose | |
πρόγονος -ου, ὁ | ancestor | |
προδίδωμι | betray | |
προερέω, προεῖπον | proclaim | |
προέρχομαι | advance | |
προθέω | run forward | |
προθυμία -ας, ἡ | eagerness | |
πρόθυμος -ον | eager | |
προίημι | send ahead, shoot | |
προίστημι | set in front | |
πρόνοια -ας, ἡ | foresight | |
πρός | + dat. to, + acc. in addition to | |
προσαγορεύω | greet | |
προσάγω | put before | |
προσδέχομαι | accept | |
πρόσειμι | belong to, be present | |
προσέρχομαι | come or go tο | |
προσέχω | hold to, offer | |
προσήκω | have arrived | |
πρόσθεν | before | |
προσλαμβάνω | take or receive besides | |
προσπίπτω | fall upon, strike against | |
προστάσσω | place at | |
προστίθημι | put to | |
προσφέρω | bring to | |
πρόσωπον -ου, τό | face | |
πρότερος -α -ον | before | |
πρόφασις -εως, ἡ | excuse | |
προφήτης -ου, ὁ | prophet | |
πρῶτος -η -ον | first | |
πτερόν -οῦ, τό | wing | |
πύλη -ης, ἡ | gate | |
πυνθάνομαι | ascertain | |
πῦρ, πυρός, τό | fire | |
πωλέω | sell | |
πώποτε | ever yet | |
πως | in any way | |
πῶς | how? | |
ῥᾴδιος -α -ον | easy | |
ῥέω | flow | |
ῥήτωρ, ῥήτορος, ὁ | orator, speaker, politician | |
ῥύθμος -ου, ὁ | rhythm | |
ῥώμη -ης, ἡ | strength | |
σαυτοῦ -ῆς | yourself [reflexive] | |
σαφής -ές | clear | |
σελήνη -ης, ἡ | moon | |
σημαίνω | show | |
σημεῖον -ου, τό | sign | |
σῖτος -ου, ὁ | grain | |
σκέπτομαι | examine | |
σκευάζω | prepare | |
σκήνη -ης, ἡ | tent, stage | |
σκοπέω | look at | |
σός -ή -όν | your, yours | |
σοφία -ας, ἡ | wisdom | |
σοφός -ή -όν | wise | |
σπεύδω | hurry | |
σπονδή -ῆς, ἡ | libation | |
σπουδάζω | hurry | |
σπουδή -ῆς, ἡ | eagerness | |
στάδιον -ου, τό | stade = 606.75 feet = roughly 1/8 of a mile | |
στάσις -εως, ἡ | revolution | |
στέλλω | send | |
στερέω | separate | |
στέρνον -ου, τό | chest | |
στεφανόω | surround, crown | |
στόλος -ου, ὁ | expedition | |
στόμα -ατος, τό | mouth | |
στρατεία -ας, ἡ | expedition, campaign | |
στράτευμα -ατος, τό | expedition, campaign | |
στρατεύω | do military service | |
στρατηγός -οῦ, ὁ | general | |
στρατιά -ᾶς, ἡ | army | |
στρατιώτης -ου, ὁ | soldier | |
στρατοπεδεύω | encamp | |
στρατόπεδον -ου, τό | camp | |
στρατός -οῦ, ὁ | army | |
στρέφω | turn | |
σύ, σου | you | |
σύν | with (+ dat.) | |
συνάγω | bring together | |
συνάπτω | bind together | |
συγγενής -ές | related | |
συγγνώμη -ης, ἡ | pardon | |
σύγκλητος -ον | specially called | |
συλλαμβάνω | collect | |
συμβαίνω | happen, agree with | |
συμβάλλω | throw together | |
συμβουλεύω | advise | |
σύνειμι | be with, associate with, live with | |
συνέρχομαι | to come together | |
συνεχής -ές | continuous | |
συνθήκη -ης, ἡ | composition, contract | |
συνίστημι | bring together | |
συμμαχέω | be an ally | |
συμμαχία -ας, ἡ | alliance | |
σύμμαχος -ον | allied | |
σύμπας -πᾶσα -πᾶν | all together | |
συμφέρω | benefit (+ dat.) | |
συμφορά -ᾶς, ἡ | accident | |
συντάσσω | arrange | |
συντίθημι | put together | |
συγχωρέω | come together, agree | |
σφάζω | kill | |
σφεῖς, σφῶν | they | |
σφέτερος -α -ον | their (own) | |
σφόδρα | exceedingly | |
σχεδόν | close, almost | |
σχῆμα -ατος, τό | form | |
σχολή -ῆς, ἡ | leisure | |
σώζω | save | |
σῶμα -ατος, τό | body | |
σωτηρία -ας, ἡ | safety | |
τάλαντον -ου, τό | an amount of silver worth 600 drachma | |
τάξις -εως, ἡ | arrangement, order | |
τάσσω | arrange | |
ταύτῃ | in this way, | |
ταῦρος -ου, ὁ | bull | |
ταὐτό = τὸ αὐτό | the same | |
τάφος -ου, ὁ | tomb | |
τάχος -ους, τό | speed | |
ταχύς -εῖα -ύ | quick | |
τε | and | |
τείνω | stretch | |
τειχέω | build walls | |
τεῖχος -ους, τό | wall | |
τεκμήριον -ου, τό | evidence | |
τέκνον -ου, τό | child | |
τελευταῖος -α -ον | last, final | |
τελευτάω | finish, die | |
τελευτή -ῆς, ἡ | completion, death | |
τελέω | fulfil | |
τέλος -ους, τό | end | |
τέμνω | cut | |
τεσσαράκοντα | forty | |
τέσσαρες -α | four | |
τέταρτος -η -ον | fourth | |
τετρακόσιοι -αι -α | four hundred | |
τεύχω | build | |
τέχνη -ης, ἡ | art, skill | |
τῇ, | here, there | |
τηλικοῦτος -αύτη -οῦτον | of such an age or size | |
τηρέω | watch for | |
τίθημι | put | |
τίκτω | give birth | |
τιμάω | honor | |
τιμή -ῆς, ἡ | value | |
τιμωρέω | help, avenge | |
τιμωρία -ας, ἡ | help, vengeance | |
τις τι | someone, something | |
τίς τί | who? what? which? | |
τοι | let me tell you, for sure | |
τοίνυν | therefore | |
τοιόσδε, τοιάδε, τοιόνδε | such a | |
τοιοῦτος, τοιαύτη, τοιοῦτο | such as this | |
τολμάω | dare | |
τόξον -ου, τό | bow | |
τόπος -ου, ὁ | place, topic | |
τοσόσδε -ηδε -ονδε | so much, so many | |
τοσοῦτος -αύτη -οῦτο(ν) | so large, so much | |
τότε | then | |
τραῦμα -ατος, τό | wound | |
τρεῖς τρία | three | |
τρέπω | turn | |
τρέφω | nourish | |
τρέχω | run | |
τρέω | flee | |
τριάκοντα, | thirty | |
τριακόσιοι -αι -α, | three hundred | |
τρίβω | rub | |
τριήρης -ους, ἡ | trireme | |
τρίτος -η -ον | third | |
τρόπος -ου, ὁ | way | |
τροφή -ῆς, ἡ | nourishment, food | |
τυγχάνω | happen (+ part.) hit, meet, have (+ gen.) | |
τυραννίς -ίδος, ἡ | tyranny | |
τύραννος -ου, ὁ | ruler, tyrant | |
τύχη -ης, ἡ | luck | |
ὑβρίζω | insult, offend, disrespect | |
ὕβρις -εως, ἡ | offense, disrespect, arrogance | |
ὑγιής -ές | healthy | |
ὕδωρ, ὕδατος, τό | water | |
υἱός -οῦ, ὁ | son | |
ὑμέτερος -α -ον | your, yours | |
ὕπατος -η -ον | highest, the top of | |
ὑπέρ | for (+ gen.), beyond (+ acc.) | |
ὑπερβάλλω | excel | |
ὑπερβολή -ῆς, ἡ | excess | |
ὑπισχνέομαι | promise | |
ὕπνος -ου, ὁ | sleep | |
ὑπό | by (+ gen.), under (+ gen., dat.), down under (+ acc.) | |
ὑπακούω | listen to | |
ὑπάρχω | begin, exist | |
ὑπολαμβάνω | take up | |
ὑπομένω | stay behind, survive | |
ὕστερος -α -ον | following | |
ὑψηλός -ή -όν | high | |
φαίνω | show, appear | |
φάλαγξ, -αγγος, ἡ | phalanx, battle-array | |
φανερός -ά -όν | clear | |
φάρμακον -ου, τό | drug | |
φάσκω | claim | |
φαῦλος -η -ον | trivial | |
φέρω | carry | |
φεύγω | flee, run away | |
φημί | say | |
φθάνω | anticipate | |
φθείρω | destroy | |
φιλέω | love | |
φιλία -ας, ἡ | love, friendship | |
φίλιος -α -ον | friendly, dear | |
φίλος -η -ον | beloved, dear | |
φοβέω | terrify | |
φόβος -ου, ὁ | fear | |
φόνος -ου, ὁ | slaughter | |
φράζω | tell | |
φρήν, φρενός, ἡ | mind | |
φρονέω | think | |
φροντίζω | think | |
φρουρά -ᾶς, ἡ | guard | |
φυγάς -άδος, ὁ or ἡ | fugitive | |
φυγή -ῆς, ἡ | escape | |
φυλακή -ῆς, ἡ | guard | |
φυλάσσω | guard | |
φυλή -ῆς, ἡ | race, tribe | |
φύσις -εως, ἡ | nature | |
φύω | produce | |
φωνέω | make a sound, speak | |
φωνή -ῆς, ἡ | sound, voice | |
φῶς, φωτός, ὁ | light | |
χαίρω | be happy | |
χαλεπός -ή -όν | difficult | |
χάρις, -ιτος, ἡ | grace, favor | |
χειμών -ῶνος, ὁ | winter | |
χείρ, χειρός, ἡ | hand | |
χειρόω | manage, master | |
χείρων, χεῖρον | worse | |
χέω | pour | |
χίλιοι -αι -α | a thousand | |
χόω | pile up, bury | |
χράομαι | use (+ dat.) | |
χράω (a) | scrape (b) attack, be eager, desire (impf) (c) furnish | |
χρεία -ας, ἡ | use | |
χρή | it is fated, necessary | |
χρῆμα -ατος, τό | thing, (pl.) money | |
χρήσιμος -η -ον | useful | |
χρηστός -ή -όν | useful | |
χρόνος -ου, ὁ | time | |
χρυσοῦς -ῆ -οῦν | golden | |
χρυσός -οῦ, ὁ | gold | |
χώρα -ας, ἡ | land | |
χωρέω | move | |
χωρίον -ου, τό | place | |
χωρίς | apart | |
ψευδής -ές | false | |
ψεύδω | lie, cheat | |
ψηφίζω | vote | |
ψήφισμα -ατος, τό | decree | |
ψῆφος -ου, ἡ | vote | |
ψυχή -ῆς, ἡ | breath | |
ὦ, | O! oh! | |
ὧδε | in this way | |
ὥρα -ας, ἡ | season | |
ὡς | as, since, so that (+ subj/opt), (indirect statement) that, to (+ acc.) | |
ὥσπερ | just as, as if | |
ὥστε | that (result) | |
ὠφελέω | help |
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