skeletal system pg 85-92
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| axial skeleton | division of skeleton with ribs, spinal column, & skull | |
| hyoid bone | u-shaped, between mandible& larnyx (for speech) | |
| intervertebral disc | fibrocartilage discs between vertebrae | |
| ribs # | 24, or 12 pairs of ribs | |
| true ribs | 7 pairs, attached to sternum | |
| false ribs | 3 pairs, attached to last true rib | |
| floating ribs | 2 pairs, attached to vertebral column | |
| sternum | chest bone | |
| sternum parts(3) | manubrium (top triangle), body, xiphiod process | |
| costal cartilage | cartilage attaching ribs to sternum or each other | |
| cranial bones | 8 bones of the skull | |
| frontal bone | forehead (1) cranial | |
| parietal bone | main roof &sides (2) | |
| temporal bone | behind ears, base of cranium (2) | |
| occipital bone | back& base of head (1) | |
| spheniod bone | bat-shaped, near and behind eyes (1) | |
| ethmoid bone | eye orbit, nose, & floor of cranium | |
| facial bones | 14 bones of the face | |
| lacrimal bone | inner corner of eye (2) | |
| nasal bone | septum & bridge of nose (1) | |
| maxilla | upper jaw (1) | |
| mandible | lower jaw (1) | |
| zygomatic bone | cheekbones (2) | |
| vomer bone | base of nasal septum (1) | |
| palatine bone | palate of mouth & floor of nose (1) | |
| vertebre # | 24 | |
| cervical vertebra # | 7, neck region | |
| thoracic vertebra # | 12, chest region with ribs | |
| lumbar vertebra # | 5, small of back, waist region | |
| sacrum | 1, 5 vertebrae fused together, trigular flat bone at base | |
| coccyx | 1, 3-5 small fused vertebra, at bottom | |
| appendicular skeleton | pectoral grindles, upper limbs, lower limbs, pelvic gridles | |
| pectorial girdles | (4) clavicles & scapulas | |
| clavicle | (2) collar bone | |
| scapula | (2) shoulder blade | |
| upper limbs # | (60) humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metac., phalanges | |
| humerus | (1*2) upper arm bone (largest of arm) | |
| radius | (1*2) thumb side of forearm, rotates around | |
| ulna | (1*2)little finger side of forearm, goes under | |
| carpal | (8*2) bones of the wrist | |
| metacarpal | (5*2) bones of the palm | |
| phalanges | (14*2) finger bones, finger have 3, thumbs 2 | |
| pelvic girdles | (6) ilium, pubis, ischium | |
| ilium | (1*2) upper part of hipbone | |
| ischium | (1*2) lowest back part of hipbone | |
| pubis | (1*2) lower-mid front part of hipbone | |
| lower limbs # | (60) femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsal, metat., phalanges | |
| femur | (1*2) thigh bone, largest in body | |
| patella | (1*2) knee cap | |
| tibia | (1*2) shin bone | |
| fibula | (1*2) thin, long on the side in calf | |
| tarsals | (7*2) ankle & heel | |
| metatarsals | (5*2) foot bones | |
| phalanges | (14*2) toe bones, toe-three, big toe-2 | |
| os coxae | another name for pelvic girdle | |
| innominate bone | another name for pelvic girdle | |
| articulation | joint | |
| types of joint | synovial, cartilaginous, fibrous | |
| bursa | sac of connective tissue, lined with synovial membrane (in synovial joint) | |
| cartilaginous joints | some movement, firm hold (right&left pubic bones) | |
| fibrous joints | almost no movement (skull) | |
| joint capsule | elastic enclosure of a synovial joint | |
| synovial fluid | secrete by membrane for lubrication | |
| synovial joint | freely moving joint type (ball & socket, etc) | |
| synovial membrane | lines synovial joint capsules |
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