Williams' Hebrew Grammar paragraphs 482-517
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| (That David had escaped from Keilah) was told to Saul | Subject clause | |
| and if (the report that the abomination happened) is true and certain | Clause in apposition to a nominative substantive (a clause can be in apposition to a nominative) | |
| and this is (how you will make it), This is (what you will offer on the altar) | Predicate nominative clause | |
| Is it the case that there is still (someone left of Saul's house?), is it really the case (that God has said, 'You will not eat from any tree of the garden'?) | Subject clause in an interrogative sentence | |
| (That you not vow) [is better] than that you should vow and not pray, (That you grasp this is) [good] | Subject clause with a predicate adjective | |
| the place [where] (the king's prisoners were imprisoned), the beginning of (YHWH speaking through Hosea) | A genitive substantival clause | |
| YHWH saw (that mankind's evil was great), Saul saw (that he was very successful) | Direct object clause | |
| Joshua came upon them suddenly (by marching up all night), they did...evil...(by serving the Baals), he did evil...(by not turning away), be strong...(by not turning away from it) | Adverbial clause of manner (by...ing) | |
| He called...the name of the place...(as it is said today) | Accusative of specification clause | |
| Has not (what I did) (אֵת אֲשֶׁר עָשִיתִי) been told to my lord?, (What she did) (אֵת אֲשֶׁר עָשְתָה) was told to David | Determinative accusative clause | |
| (while the mountain [was burning] with fire), (while the famine [was severe] in Samaria), (with his shield bearer [before] him), (since [it is] YHWH's Passover) | A concomitant circumstantial clause (clause occurs at the same time as the main clause) | |
| Do not delay me, (now that YHWH [has made] my trip [successful]), (Now Abimelech [had] not [approached] her), and he said... | An antecedent circumstantial clause (explains circumstances that precede the main clause) | |
| Shall I hide from Abraham what I am about to do, (since Abraham [will] certainly [become] a great and mighty nation)? | A subsequent circumstantial clause (explains circumstances that occur after the main clause) | |
| [When she finished] (וַתְּכַל) (giving him a drink), she said... | Temporal clause beginning with an imperfect waw consecutive (when) (only context indicates when an imperfect waw consecutive is temporal) | |
| [When] (כִּי) (he had been there a long time), he looked down | Temporal clause beginning with כִּי (when) | |
| Abraham gave gifts [while] (בְּעוֹדֶנּוּ) (he was still alive) , I withheld the rain from you [when] (בְּעוֹד) (there were still three months to the harvest) | Temporal clause beginning with בְּ (when) | |
| [As soon as] (כְּמוֹ) (dawn broke), the angels urged Lot | A temporal clause that begins with כְּמוֹ/כְּ (as soon as) | |
| [When] (כְּאֲשֶׁר) (they finished)...the man took a gold ring | A temporal clause that begins with כְּאֲשֶׁר (when) | |
| [After] (אַחֲרֵי) (they brought it around), YHWH's hand was against the city, [After] (אַחֲרֵי) (they made a covenant with them), they heard... | A temporal clause that begins with אַחַר/אַחֲרֵי (after) (something occurs before the main clause) | |
| But I did not believe the report [until] (עַד) (I came), Joseph piled up grain...[until] (עַד) (he stopped counting) | A temporal clause that begins with עַד (until) (indicates the time when the main clause ends) | |
| [When] (they) [where] (in the field) (בִּהְיוֹתָם), Cain rose up, And Joseph was thirty years old [when] (he) [stood] (בְּעָמְדוֹ) before Pharaoh | Temporal phrase with בְּ + infinitive (as soon as) | |
| [As soon as] (Abram) [came] (כְּבוֹא) (into Egypt), the Egyptians saw..., [As soon as] (they) [brought] (them) [out] (כְהוֹצּיאָם), he said... | Temporal phrase with כְּ + infinitive (as soon as) | |
| The king of Sodom went out...[after] (he) [returned] (אַחֲרֵי שׁוּבוֹ)..., Joseph returned to Egypt...[after] (he) [buried] (his father) (אַחֲרֵי קָבְרוֹ אֶת אָבִיו) | Temporal phrase with אַחֲרֵי + infinitive (after) | |
| if I eat [before] (the sun) [sets] (לִפְנֵי בוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ), The sun will turn to darkness...[before] (the day of YHWH) [comes] (לִפְנֵי בּוֹא יוֹם יְהוָה) | Temporal phrase with לִפְנֵי + infinitive | |
| Stay with him...[until] (your brother's anger) [subsides] (עַד שׁוּב), I am not able to do anything [until] (you) [enter] (there) (עַד בֹּאֲךָ) | Temporal phrase with עַד + infinitive (until) | |
| I ate from all of it [before] (בְּטֶרֶם) (you entered), I will see him [before] (בְּטֶרֶם) (I die) | Temporal clause beginning with טֶרֶם/בְּטֶרֶם (before) (with an imperfect verb, event of the main clause happens before the event of the temporal clause) | |
| [As often as] (מִדֵּי) (I speak), I cry out, [As often as] (מִדֵּי) (the king entered the house of YHWH) | Temporal clause of phrase beginning with מִדֵּי (as often as) (temporal clause + imperfect verb or temporal phrase with an infinitive construct) | |
| If you choose the left, [then] (I will go right) (וְאֵימִנָה), If you seek her...[then] (כִּי אָז) (you will understand the fear of YHWH), If Absalom were alive...[then] (no conjunction) (it would be right in your eyes) | The apodosis of a conditional clause | |
| [If] (he leaves his father) (וְעָזַב), he will die, [If] (I see anything) (וְרָאִיתִי), I will tell you | Real condition beginning with וְ | |
| (Even if YHWH makes windows in the sky), could the thing happen?, (If I come)...then what will I say to them? | Real condition that is a circumstantial clause | |
| [If] (הֵן) (the righteous is repaid on earth), how much more so the wicked!, [If] (הֵן) (a man divorces his wife)...will he return to her? | Real condition beginning with the particle הֵן (this is disputed, may be a parallel to Biblical Aramaic) | |
| [If] (אִם) (I have found favor in your eyes), do not pass by, [If] (כִּי) (you have gone astray while under your husband's authority), But [if] (אִם) (the cloud was not taken up, then they would not set out | Real condition with the particle אִם ,כִּי ,אֲשֶׁר | |
| [If] (לוּ) (you had let them live), then I would not kill you, [If] (לוּ) (Absalom were alive)...then you would be pleased | An unreal condition can begin with the particle לוּא/לֻא/לוּ | |
| [If] (לוּלֵא) (we had) [not] (delayed), we surely could have returned by now, [If] (לוּלֵי) (I did) [not] (respect Jehoshaphat) | A negative unreal condition begins with לוּלֵי/לוּלֵא (if not) | |
| [If] (אלּוּ) (he lived a thousand years twice over), [If] (אלּוּ) (we had only been sold as male and female slaves) | Unreal condition with אלּוּ | |
| [If] (כִּי) (I said that I had hope), [If] (אִם) (I were hungry), I would not tell you | Unreal condition with אִם ,כִּי |
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