Final
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| Life expectancy at birth refers to | The age at which half of a cohort will still be living and half dead | |
| Many physical systems, tissues, and cells become more susceptible to injury and disease with advanced age. This increased susceptibility is known as | Senescence | |
| Which animal shows very little senescence even when kept in captivity | Turtles | |
| Which myth is still very much with us today | Gerontological | |
| One major reason for the continuing increase in number of older adults is the great increase in birth rate that immediately followed WWII and lasted for close to 20 years. This large group of persons is known as the | Baby Boom Generation | |
| With respect to physical changes with advanced age, most individuals | Show some changes but not others | |
| The Hayflick number is the | Maximum number of cell divisions for cells of a given species | |
| Which country has the largest proportion of adults over the age of 65 | Sweden | |
| If you believe that our developmnent is mostly determined by our genes and that the environment plays a very small part, you would be holding the _____ side of this view of development | Nature | |
| Wrinkling of the skin as one grows older seems to be due to | Less flexible connective tissue under the skin | |
| The class of genetic disorders with symptoms that resemble very rapid aging and that appear early in life are referred to as | Progeria | |
| With respect to the relative influence of genetics and environment on longevity the general conclusion is that | Genetics plays a bigger role than environment | |
| A researcher finds that age is negatively correlated with alcohol consumption. This means that older adults | Drink less than younger adults | |
| The disorder in which bones become very fragile and which occurs most frequently in older white women is known as | Osteoporosis | |
| Which hormone is a regulator of biological rhythms | Melatonin | |
| A research strategy to assess the importance of genetics for longevity has been to | Examine the historical records of families | |
| What is a frequent stereotype of an older adult | Confused | |
| The size of what increases with advanced age | Nose and ears | |
| Garbage accumulation theories claim that waste products build up as we grow older and cause senescence. What is one of these accumulating waste products | Free radicals | |
| What is the recommended BMI | 20 to 35 | |
| Analyses of stereotypes of older adults in print media have found that one of the most frequent negative portrayals is that of | Sexual dysfunction | |
| Men and women are very different in the aging of their _____ systems | Reproductive | |
| A major difference between programmed and unprogrammed theories of senescence is that programmed theories | Claim that senescence follows a predetermined plan | |
| Restriction of _____ has been found to increase longevity for rats and monkeys | Calories | |
| Which of the following is an effective way to relax and has been found to lower blood pressure and decrease heart rate | Meditation | |
| Older adults are frequently advised to increase the amount of _____ that they use or take | Calcium, B12, and skin lotion | |
| Individuals who live to be very old are likely to be people who | Adapt well to change, are generally optimistic, and maintain good social relationships | |
| One factor that is strongly related to longevity is the amount of _____ that a person has | Social support | |
| All other things being equal, which type of person is likely to live the longest | A white woman | |
| The most frequent chronic condition for older adults is | Arthritis | |
| Some research suggests that it may not be obesity itself that is damaging to health but instead | Lack of exercise that accompanies obesity | |
| The best exercise for prevention of osteoporosis in older adults is | Weight bearing exercises | |
| What is the worst thing you can do if you want to live a long and healthy life | Smoke Cigarettes | |
| Aspirin is a fairly effective agent for reducing the risk of stroke and heart attack in some cases but also carries the risk of promoting | Brain hemorrhage | |
| All other things being equal which person is likely to live the longest | Drinks a beer or two every day | |
| The agent in cigarettes that promotes cancer is | Tar | |
| Which ethnicity has the longest life expectancy | Asian | |
| The gender gap in longevity | refers to the finding that females usually live longer than males | |
| A possible positive effect of moderate alcohol consumption is that it may | Raise the good level of cholesterol | |
| Free radicals are | Highly reactive molecules | |
| Older adults are most likely to have difficulty telling the difference between colors like | Blue and Green | |
| What is not one of the three types of long term memory discussed in the text | Metamemory | |
| A general proficiency at cognitive tasks is called | Intelligence | |
| An example of a projective test of personality is the | TAT | |
| Which aspects of vision are likely to change with advanced age | Dark to light adaptation, Peripheral vision, and contract sensitivity | |
| Grandfather has a difficult time learning the names of some new friends that you brought over to meet him. This difficulty is probably due to | A slow down in the rate at which he can process new information | |
| On which subtest of the WAIS would an older adult be likely to score the highest | General comprehension | |
| WHat are McAdam's levels of personality description | Traits, identity, personal concerns | |
| When one looks at traffic accidents for older adults as a function of miles driven, one finds that older adults | Have a much higher accident rate | |
| Which component of long term memory is most likely to show lower performance by older adults | Episodic | |
| Older adults are more likely to score higher than younger adults on tests of | Crystallized | |
| What are the dimensions of in the five factor theory of personality | Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to experience, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness | |
| A decline in hearing during old age occurs more frequently for | Men than women | |
| Retrieval from _____ memory does ot appear to be a problem for older adults | Working | |
| Wisdom is defined as | Expertise at life | |
| A person is very well organized, has high standards, and has a lot of self discipline would probably score very high on measures of which trait | Conscientiousness | |
| The type of taste bud that usually shows the greatest loss in older adults is | Sweet | |
| One pharmacological aid that shows promise for improving memory, particularly for those with serious memory problems is | Gingko biloba | |
| What is thought to be necessary for the development of wisdom | Having enough experience, having the right kinds of experience, and having the right kind of personality | |
| A person who is very practical, traditional, and set in their ways would probably score low on measure of which trait | Openness to experience | |
| Older adults with extensive cell loss in their vestibular system are likely to have difficulty | Maintaining balance | |
| Metamemory refers to | knowledge about one's own memory | |
| What type of person is likely to score high on a test of wisdom | An old psychiatrist | |
| Which level of personality description is assumed to change with age | Personal concerns | |
| Older adults have the greatest difficulty understanding speech when | Other people are talking, static noise is occuring, or speech has been recorded | |
| A major reason for older adults' high recall of events early in life is that | Early events are often first time events | |
| Erikson's major disagreement with Freud was that | Erikson believed that personality developed throughout life | |
| Compared to younger adults, the rate at which critical flicker fusion occurs for older adults is | A slower presentation rate | |
| A palm pilot is an example of which type of memory aid | Explicit, external | |
| Lehman found that peak productivity for persons in most disciplines occured | in the late 30's to early 40's | |
| Generativity refers to | The feelings one has about helping future generations | |
| Decreased blood flow in older adults is one possible reason for | Slower central processing | |
| Erikson suggested that people who do not achieve generativity, experience | Stagnation | |
| WHat seems to remain relatively stable over the adult years | Personality traits | |
| Identity refers to one's | Continuing and coherent sense of self over time | |
| One's awareness of self identity seems to | Increase as one grows older | |
| Androgyny means that an indivisual has | High levels of both masculine and feminine traits | |
| Midlife crises seem to occur | For most men | |
| Age differences in coping strategies to presented stories are most likely when | Emotional content is very high | |
| Measures of life satisfaction have generally found that older adults | Are as satisfied as younger adults | |
| What is not a possible cause for Parkinson's disease | Smoking | |
| The group of family members and friends that are closest to use are called our | Social Network | |
| A difference between the social networks found for women and men is that | Women place more peopl in their inner circle than men do | |
| One of the more common disorders among older adults is | Depression | |
| Grandparents raising one or more of their own grandchildren are more likely than grandparents not so involved to exhibit what | Depression | |
| In terms of an older adult's well being, what is most important | Friends | |
| The length of time that a person has Alzheimer's is | Unknown at present | |
| The most frequently found pattern of marital satisfaction has found that it is lowest | During the years of child rearing | |
| The proportion of grandparents who have spent time raising one or more of their grandchildren is | More than 10% | |
| Which of the follopwing is known to be caused by a virus | AIDS dementia complex | |
| Those who maintain close contact with other people tend to have | Higher levels of life satisfaction, lower levels of physical impairments, and healthier cardiovascular and immune systems | |
| What is not one of the tests used to assist in the diagnosis of a cognitive disorder | Memory for Digit Span | |
| The only way to be certain of a diagnosis of Alzheimer's is to | Perform an autopsy | |
| In diagnosing Alzheimer's, what is NOT one of the changes in the brain that is crucial | Clogged arteries | |
| A disturbance in brain metabolism caused by medication can result in | Acute Organic Brain Syndrome | |
| New cases of schizophrenia are most frequent among which age group | Young adults | |
| The treatment in which a recording of a family member's voice is played for an agitated dementia patient is referred to as | Simulated presence therapy | |
| A year or two after retirement man retired persons settle into which phase of retirement | Retirement routine | |
| Every evening when it begins to get dark, Manon becomes confused and agitated. This increase in confusion and agitation is known as | Sundown Syndrome | |
| What group has the highest suicide rate | Old white men | |
| What is NOT one of the five symptoms of a cognitive disorder | Impaired perception | |
| A problem that some married couples experience but that does not seem to be a strong indicator of a future divorce is when one or both persons | Insist on spending time alone | |
| The divorce rate is higher for people who | Have parents who divorced, live together before marrying, and marry young | |
| Older adults in differnet cultures name the same person as their primary source of support. That person is the | Spouse | |
| When support is needed, who are more likely to provide emotional support | CLose Friends | |
| Tennyson said "it is better to have loved and lost, than never to have loved at all." Some current research suggests that | Just the opposite is true | |
| When couples who have been married for a very long time have been asked why their marriage has lasted, the most frequent reason given by both husbands and wives is that | My spouse is my best friend | |
| About what percentage of older adults report feeling very or often lonely | 10% | |
| An important factor in the social networks found for gay and lesbian couples is that people placed in the inner circle tend to | Be aware of the individual's sexual orientation | |
| Age differences in alcohol abuse could be a cohort effect because older cohorts | Lived through the years of prohibition | |
| Which neurotransmitter is affected in Parkinson's disease | Dopamine | |
| Miranda is a 66 year old retired manage who worked over 40 hours a week in a high stress job. After retiring she terminated her membership to the spa. The new bike that she got as a retirement gift has not been ridden. Miranda is in what phase of retirement | Rest and relaxation | |
| Grandparents report that one of the most rewarding aspects of being a grandparent is the | Feeling of immortality, chance to spoil the grandchildren, and remembrance of one's own childhood and grandparents | |
| A deficiency in what can produce symptoms that resemble dementia | Vitamin B12 | |
| Which neurotransmitter is affected in Alzheimer's Disease | Acetylcholine | |
| One of the more promising treatments for Alzheimer's disease is | Immunization against amyloid | |
| Which person is most likely to experience Alzheimer's | A 70 year old black woman who is a nurse | |
| When divorced people are asked what problems led to the divorce one of the most frequently mentioned problems is | Communication | |
| A main reason for lower reported levels of sexual activity in older adults is | It's social unacceptability and associated negative stereotypes | |
| What disease is known to be caused by a gene | Pick's | |
| What is the average length of marriage | 10 years | |
| A longitudinal study was done from 1975 to 1995. Over 300 people were studied and not one of those experienced which phase of retirement | Disenchantment | |
| When your good friend Leo needed help with shopping you provided it. You also assisted by giving him a ride to many of the places he needed to go. Researchers says you provided what kind of support | Instrumental | |
| The frequency of anxiety disorders among older adults is _____ among younger adults | Lower than | |
| Sexual activity is more likely in older adults who | are better educated, have higher self esteem, and have good social networks | |
| People in poor health are more likely to be socially isolated because | Social isolation leads to lower health status and people who are ill often dont want to be with other people | |
| Which dementia is caused by a series of continuing and small strokes | Vascular | |
| With respect to remarriages | they are less likely to succeed than first marriages | |
| Which type of elder abuse has received the least amount of attention from researchers | Emotional |
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