quiz 2
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| Name two types of graphs commonly seen in specification sheets | Polar and Frequency | |
| Name two types of graphs commonly seen in specification sheets | Polar and Frequency response | |
| In order to maintain proper voltage transfer between pieces of equipment, you input impedance must be at least 10 times_______than you output impedance. | greater | |
| Define audio distortion. | anything that alters a pure input signal | |
| What does THD stand for? | Total Harmonic Distortion | |
| Define Musical Dynamic range. | the difference between the loudest and quietest passage of music in a composition | |
| Define electronic dynamic range. | the difference between the maximum output before clipping and noise floor | |
| Most amplifiers operate in two modes, what are they? | Dual channel and Bridged mode | |
| Name three types of internal wiring for drivers in a speaker cabinet | Series,Parallel, Series-Parallel | |
| If I wire two 8 ohm drivers in series, what is my impedance? | 16 ohms | |
| If I wire two 8 ohm drivers in parallel, what is my impedance?b | 4 ohms | |
| A microphone is a transducer. It converts________ energy to ________energy | acoustical/electrical | |
| Name the five most typical polar patterns for all microphones | omni-directional, bi-directional(fig.8), cardiod,hypercardiod, and supercardiod. | |
| When using a cardiod vocal microphone, your monitor wedge should located where in relation to the mic? | 180 degrees off axis. | |
| Many vocal mics have a rise in high frequency response. Why? | vocal clarity | |
| Define the term transient response. | A mics ability to react quickly to changes in air pressure | |
| Define the term proximity effect. | an increase in bass response as a mic is moved closer to a source | |
| How many times can an analog splitter system split your input signal before causing signal degradation and impedance problems? | 3 | |
| Name four types of audio signal splitting. | Parallel(direct), Digital, Active, and transformer isolated | |
| Name the four major components of an analog splitter system | Sub-snake, main splitter rack, multi-pin cable, and multi-pin to XLR fanout | |
| On a touring splitter system, the console that is to provide phantom power to the microphones must be connected to which split? | Parallel (direct) | |
| What type of digital splitter is used at FSL1? | whirlwind E-snake | |
| What does the term console frame refer to? | the number of input channels. | |
| Your preampifier or gain is used to boost_____ level signals to _____level signals | mic/line | |
| How many EQ's do most professional level consoles have on each channel? | 5 | |
| High Pass Filters are used to cut out unwanted_____frequency information. | low | |
| Define the term audio subgroup. | Pre/post fader unity gain send | |
| Define the term aux send. | post fader variable send | |
| Name three practical uses for the matrix. | delay racks, recording feeds, ALD mixes. | |
| Why do we have internal oscillators on our consoles? | component testing | |
| What does the term VCA stand for and how is it used? | Voltage controlled amplifier that acts as a remote control over faders. | |
| If an analog console is modular in design what does that mean? | each input and output is its own piece of hardware | |
| What does a mute group do? | allows you to mute multiple channels with one button. | |
| Name three types of power generation other than coal. | Wind, solar, and nuclear | |
| According to Ohm's law if you increase the ______, the amperage(current) decreases | voltage | |
| In a 3 phase Y power system, how may conductors are there are what are their color codes? | 5, ground is green, neutral is white, and the hots are black, red, and blue. | |
| What is the name of the industry standard connector used to your power distribution rack into a venue's disconnect? | camlocks. | |
| what is the tie in sequence when connecting camlocks to the power distro? | ground, neutral, hot, hot, hot | |
| Once power is safely tied in you are ready to start doing what? | metering voltages | |
| On a 3 phase Y power system, the voltage between a hot leg and a ground should be? | 120 Volts | |
| on a 3 phase Y power system the voltage between two hot legs should be? | 208 Volts | |
| What are two types of over current protection devices used in audio equipment? | Circuit breaker, fuse | |
| Define THD. | the total amount of harmonic distortion found at an output. | |
| When looking at sensitivity specs for a cabinets frequency band, what exactly are you learning from that spec? | dB SPL output at one watt one meter. | |
| What does IMD stand for? | Intermodulation distortion. | |
| What are audio horns used for? | to control audio high dispersion. | |
| Name two settings that a condenser microphone will often have on the mic. | HPF and Pad | |
| True or false? Most professional level microphones will an output impedance of between 50 and 200 ohms. | true | |
| Name three microphone accessories often used in sound reinforcement. | Wind-screen, shock mount, and stereo mounting bar. | |
| Name two things you could use a direct output for. | Multi-track recording, FX sends | |
| What the two user controllable parameters of a shelving filter? | gain, frequency. | |
| What are the three user controllable parameters of a parametric filter? | gain, center frequency, and bandwidth. | |
| True or False? Multiple channels can be mixed to 1 Aux output? | true | |
| Most digital consoles have their inputs and outputs in external racks called the? | FOH racks and stage racks. | |
| Define the term soft patching. | allows any XLR to be patched to any fader on the console. | |
| Define the term virtual sound check. | sound check is done to a multi track recording instead of a band. | |
| Name three ways that you can store the settings on a digital console. (types of media) | USB key, Compact flash card, internal hardrive | |
| Name two features that we are going to see coming out on future digital consoles. | system processors on board, amplifier monitoring from the console. | |
| What does the fader flip function allow an engineer to do? | mix monitors from the faders | |
| Define the term latency as it relates to digital audio consoles. | delay in milliseconds to to analog to digital conversion | |
| Define Attack time as it relates to the envelope of sound | the amount of time it takes for a sound to reach its maximum amplitude | |
| Define Sustain time as it relates to the envelope of sound. | how long a sound or signal holds at its maximum amplitude | |
| Define Decay time as it relates to the envelope of sound | how long it takes for a sound to decay by 60 dB. | |
| Name the five parameters of a compressor | Threshold, ratio, attack, release/decay, output gain. | |
| What two signals does a compressor graph compare? | Input and output level | |
| Where in the signal flow chain are limiters used most often in sound reinforcement? | bandpass outputs of the crossover. | |
| What are the five parameters of a gate? | threshold, ratio, attack, hold, release | |
| What does the range or depth control do on a gate? | sets the amount of attenuation when the gate is closed | |
| Define the term RT60. | the amount of time it takes for a signal to decay by 60 dB once the signal has stopped. | |
| Name the four primary ways to create artificial reverberation. | Reverb chamber, digital reverb, plate reverb, spring reverb. | |
| What is the dB slope for a 1st order octave? | 6 dB | |
| What is the dB slope for a 2nd order octave? | 12 dB | |
| What is the dB slope for a 3rd order octave? | 18dB | |
| What is the dB slope for a 4th order octave? | 24dB | |
| Define the term octave. | halving or doubling of a frequency | |
| What is the octave above 1Khz? | 2Khz | |
| What is the octave below 500 Hz? | 250Hz | |
| Octaves are perceived by our ears as having equal_______. | pitch | |
| what are the three primary shapes of crossover filters? | Linkwitz-Riley, Bessel, Butterworth | |
| Crossover filter affect the ______frequency and the ________ of an audio signal. | frequency and level | |
| What is a dedicated crossover? | a crossover designed and dedicated to one channel only. | |
| Name the three categories of video production as outlined in class. | Live, Live on tape, tape for post. | |
| What does IMAG stand for and provide an example. | Image magnification, corporate shows. | |
| What does ENG stand for? | Electronic news gathering | |
| What does EFP stand for? | Electronic field production | |
| What does NTSC stand for? | National Television Systems Committee | |
| What is the resolution and frame rate for NTSC color video? | 525 lines of resolution and 29.97 frames per second | |
| With regards to television signal, what does luminance refer to? | brightness | |
| with regards to television signal, what does chrominance refer to? | color | |
| In NTSC video, what is the IRE value for video black? | 7.5 | |
| In NTSC video what is the IRE value for no signal black? | 0 | |
| In NTSC video what time code standard is used when it is important to know exactly how long a video clip is in hours, minutes, seconds, and frames? | drop frame time code | |
| Name the three principal parts of a video camera. | Lens, camera body, view finder | |
| What does CCD stand for and what does it do? | Charged Coupled Device and it transduces light energy into electrical energy. | |
| Name the four primary types of transitions in video. | Cut, Dissolve, Wipe, Key | |
| What specialized video monitor displays the luminance and horizontal sync information contained in the video signal? | waveform monitor | |
| What specialized video monitor displays chrominance information along with the Sub Carrier? | vectorscope monitor | |
| What is a fly pack? | complete video system packed into fly cases. | |
| describe what a waist shot would look like? | waist up | |
| describe what a close-up shot would look like? | head and shoulders | |
| describe what a wide shot would look like. | full body | |
| Define the term Head room. | proper vertical proportion | |
| Define the term depth of field | area in camera shot where the objects are in focus. | |
| Define the term perception of depth. | how far things in foreground appear to be from objects in the background | |
| Putting a camera on wheels and moving towards the stage would be an example of what type of movement? | dolly in. |
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