Structures inside the brain
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| Cerebral Cortex | Thin Surface layer of the cerebral hemisphere. 1/8th inch thick and holds 30 billion nerve cells and 9x more glial(glue) cells. | |
| Left Hemisphere | Processes info in a linear(step by step) manner. Responsible for sequences i.g. lists, schedules, plans. Comfortable w/ math and speech. Realistic thinking and logic. | |
| Right Hemisphere | Processes info holistically( picks apart the big picture). Multitasking, visual,creative, and likes hands on activities | |
| Corpus Callosum | Band of fibers that connect the two hemispheres. Allows communication between two hemispheres. | |
| Frontal Lobe (name 5 traits and cortex within) | Speaking, Problem Solving, Personal Memories, Judgement, Impulse Control, Social Behavior, and Personality. Holds the motor cortex | |
| Damage to Frontal Lobe( Name 3) | Fewer facial movements, fewer spoken wards, cannot interpret info from the environment, change in social behavior. | |
| Parietal Lobe | Sensation and Perception. Holds the sensory lobe. | |
| Temporal Lobe | Center for hearing. Holds the auditory cortex. Damage to this area may cause decrease in recall of verbal information, decrease in recognition of tones and visual info, language can be affected. | |
| Gerstman's syndrome | Happens in left parietal lobe. Causes difficulty in writing | |
| Bolint's Syndrome | Occurs in both hemispheres. Cannot focus w/ vision | |
| Occipital Lobe | Center of vision, holds the visual cortex. Damaging can cause loss of vision or/and visual hallucinations. | |
| Limbic System | Made up into two parts, Hippocampus and Amygdala | |
| Amygdala | Emotional response patterns, usually associated with unpeasent stimuli and triggers fear/anger, involved in emotional memory formation. Half of the Limbic system. | |
| Hippocampus | Helps FORM new memories | |
| Thalamus | Processes and distributes motor and sensory info. takes info to and from cerebral cortex. Works as a relay station | |
| Hypothalamus | Regulates behaviors related to survival, i.g. eating + drinking, influences the pituitary gland, contains suprachasmatic nuceli. | |
| Suprachaimatic nuclei | Biological rhythm, actually a 25 hour clock(body clock) | |
| Aphasia(brain damage) | Affects production or comprehension of speech and also affects ability to read or write. Broca's Area and Wernicke's area are two types of Aphasia | |
| Broca's Area | Damage to frontal lobe. Speech output is decreased, short sentences, formation of sounds is hard, no loss of comprehension. e.g. | |
| Wernicke's Area | Damage to temporal lobe.Decrease in ability to understand meaning of spoken word, difficulty in written and + verbal comprehension, has alot of irrelevent words in speech | |
| Substantia Nigra | responsible for smooth iniation of movement | |
| Brainstem | Connects spinal cord w/ rest of the brain | |
| Medulla | Controls vital autonomic functions, i.g. digestion, hearbeat, breathing | |
| Cerebellum | Controls balance and coordination, muscle tone, learning of motor skills. | |
| Reticular Formation | regulation of sleep; attention | |
| Pons | Relay station for cerebellum |
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