Limbic System 2
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| What are the primary efferent connections of the limbic system? | The ANS, somatic motor systems, and pituitary hormone release. | |
| What is the efferent connection through the ANS? | The hypothalamus, via the pituitary gland, feeding, fight or flight, and reproduction. | |
| Where do the motor responses from the somatic motor systems originate? | Not the primary motor cortex but the prefrontal and supplementary motor cortex, descend to the RAS. | |
| What will be the effect of an orbitofrontal the lesion of the limbic association cortex? | Blunted affect, minimal emotional response to pain, decreased motivation, cognitive perseveration, but IQ is usually intact. | |
| What is the effect of a frontal lobe lobotomy? | Flat affect, bilateral removal leads to motor restlessness and insomnia. | |
| What is the effect of an inferior temporal lobe lesion (temporal pole and hippocampus)? | Inability to learn a visual task, cannot process information. | |
| What is the effect of a lesion in the hippocampus ? | If bilateral, will not be able to put current events into long term memory, past memory is still intact. | |
| What is the effect of a lesion in the amygdala? | Flat affect, hypersexuality, disinhibited behavior, socially embarrassing. | |
| Describe Kluver-Bucy syndrome. | Bilateral lesions of the temporal lobe involving amygdala and hippocampal formation, results in visual agnosias, hyperorality, hypersexuality, flat affect, apathetic. | |
| What is the effect of a lesion on the basal ganglia? | This is where movements are expressed with emotions, part of the limbic association circuitry. | |
| Where is the site for schizophrenia | In the limbic subcortical structures of the basal ganglia. | |
| What is the effect of a lesion in the septal nuclei? | Anorexia, gluttony, bulemia. | |
| What is the effect of a lesion in the thalamus? | Thalamus provides our emotional responses to sensations, Korsakoff’s syndrome. | |
| Describe Korsakoff’s syndrome. | Results from alcoholism, malnutrition, vitamin B1 deficiency (destroys thalamic nuclei and mammillary bodies), anterograde and retrograde amnesia and confabulation. | |
| What is the effect of a lesion in the hypothalamus? | Anorexia, bulimia, bizarre attack behaviors/violence . |
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