Reticular Activating System 2
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| Describe the medullary reticulospinal tract. | Arises from gigantocellular reticular nuclei and runs crossed and uncrossed, inhibits extensor and facilitates flexors, more active when you are sleeping. | |
| Describe the pontine reticulospinal tract. | Arises from the caudal and oral pontine reticular nuclei and runs ipsilaterally, facilitates extensors, more active when awake. | |
| What are the functions of the reticular activating system? | Consciousness and attention, sleep, muscle tone, and visceral functions. | |
| Define sleep. | A cyclic, temporary loss of consciousness. | |
| Describe REM sleep. | Active eye movements, increases in body movements, muscle twitches, fluctuations of heart rate and temperature, highly active, irregular brain patterns. | |
| What is REM sleep controlled by? | Noradrenergic neurons in the locus cereleus. | |
| Describe nonREM sleep. | Vital signs more stable, less body movements, 80% of sleep cycle. | |
| What is nonREM sleep controlled by? | The sertonergic neurons of the raphe nuclei. | |
| What are the clinical implications for the reticular activating system? | Lesions can cause coma or changes in wakefulness. |
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